Energy output is a complex matter. We all need a certain amount of carbohydrates to ensure that our glycogen stores are fully stocked to ensure we can perform to our optimum ability during exercise. This is an accepted fact. Different carbohydrate sources with different Glycemic measurements are required to satisfy these varying requirements. It’s additionally important that along with the triple-charged carbohydrate content of Battery +/- 3, amino acids that are vital to the muscle preservation process are also included. This is why PhD Nutrition invented Battery +/-3.

Step 1 - Long and mid-term energy - Battery+/-3 contains fructose and maltodextrin to ensure that when taken before and during exercise, the blood sugar spike will not be so great that it impairs long and mid-term performance.

Step 2 - Immediate glycogen replenishment- High Impact carbs! - Dextrose monohydrate has a high-glycemic rating ensuring immediate and effective glycogen replenishment and an instant elevation of blood sugar for complete recovery.

Step 3 - Added Branched Chain Amino Acids and L-Glutamine - BCAA’s are considered the critical cluster of amino acids - the most vital of all. PhD Nutrition consider Leucine, Iso-leucine and Valine as integral inclusions within Battery+/-3 for the important role they play in helping the body preserve muscle tissue. BCAA’s are needed for the maintenance of muscle tissue and appear to preserve muscle stores of glycogen. This ensures an anabolic and anti-catabolic environment, therefore minimising any potential muscle-loss whilst maximising the potential for muscle repair. L-Glutamine is one of the most used supplements within sports nutrition and particularly the body building world and is a vital inclusion within Battery+/-3.